Geography Short Notes for Class 8 CBSE: A Complete Guide for Easy Learning

Updated on 14 May 2025

By Study24x7

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Updated on 14 May 2025

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Geography Notes for Class 8 CBSE

Geography is one of the most fascinating and scoring subjects for Class 8 CBSE students. It helps us understand the physical and human features of the Earth, natural phenomena, and how humans interact with their environment. This article provides Geography short notes for Class 8 CBSE, chapter-wise, in an easy-to-understand format. These notes are helpful for quick revision, last-minute preparation, and better understanding of key concepts.

Chapter-Wise Geography Short Notes for Class 8 CBSE

Chapter 1: Resources

Resources are anything that can be used to satisfy human needs.
Types of Resources:
Natural Resources: From nature (water, air, soil).
Human-Made Resources: Created by humans using natural resources (buildings, machines).
Human Resources: People with skills and abilities.
Classification:
Renewable and Non-renewable
Actual and Potential
Ubiquitous and Localized

Important Points:

Conservation of resources is necessary for sustainability.
Resource planning is essential for equitable distribution.

Chapter 2: Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation, and Wildlife Resources

Land: 30% of Earth's surface is land.
Soil: Formed through weathering; types include alluvial, black, red, etc.
Water: Only 3% of Earth's water is fresh.
Natural Vegetation: Forests, grasslands, shrubs.
Wildlife: Includes all animals and birds.

Key Terms:

Afforestation: Planting trees
Deforestation: Cutting down forests
Conservation: Protecting natural resources

Chapter 3: Mineral and Power Resources

Minerals: Naturally occurring substances in rocks.
Metallic: Iron, copper
Non-metallic: Salt, mica
Power Resources:
Conventional: Coal, petroleum, natural gas
Non-Conventional: Solar, wind, geothermal, tidal

Important Note:

Use of renewable energy sources is encouraged to reduce pollution and conserve fossil fuels.

Chapter 4: Agriculture

Types of Farming:
Subsistence Farming: For farmer's family only
Commercial Farming: For selling in the market
Major Crops:
Food Crops: Rice, wheat, maize
Cash Crops: Cotton, jute, sugarcane

Factors affecting agriculture:

Climate, soil type, irrigation, and tools.

Chapter 5: Industries

Industry: Economic activity related to production.
Types:
Primary: Uses natural resources (farming)
Secondary: Manufacturing (factories)
Tertiary: Services (transport, banking)
Industrial regions in India: Mumbai-Pune, Chota Nagpur Plateau

Examples:

Iron and Steel Industry: Jamshedpur
Textile Industry: Ahmedabad
IT Industry: Bengaluru

Chapter 6: Human Resources

Human Resource: The population that contributes to economic development.
Population density: Number of people per unit area
Population distribution: How population is spread

Factors affecting population:

Climate, topography, availability of water, jobs

Population Growth:

Rapid growth causes pressure on resources.

Important Features of Class 8 Geography Notes

NCERT-aligned: Follows the Class 8 CBSE syllabus.
Concise: Only key points are highlighted for better retention.
Diagrams and Maps: Use visuals to understand better.
Revision Friendly: Helpful for last-minute studies.

Tips to Study Geography Effectively in Class 8

Make your own chapter-wise notes using the above summaries.
Practice map work regularly.
Watch documentary videos on agriculture, industries, and natural resources.
Revise daily for at least 20–30 minutes.

Final Thoughts

With the right notes, regular revision, and a good command over English writing, Class 8 CBSE students can score very well in Geography. These Geography short notes for Class 8 CBSE will not only help you revise faster but also strengthen your understanding. Remember, improving your English writing skills can significantly help you write better answers—not just in English but in Geography and Science too.

Also, at the end of this article, we'll briefly guide students on how to improve English writing skills in Class 8, so they can write better answers in Geography and other subjects too.

Class 8